Windows安装PyQt5环境

更新时间：2024年11月25日 16:18:03

前言

本文以windows11,64位操作系统为例，介绍PyQt5环境的安装步骤。

1.1 基本环境

Python3.x解释器环境，安装参考《windows11如何安装python3》

Pip包管理工具

Pipenv虚拟环境管理工具

C:\Users\Administrator>pip3 install pipenv
Collecting pipenv
  Downloading pipenv-2023.12.1-py3-none-any.whl (3.1 MB)

1.2 IDE安装

PyCharm安装，参考《windows11安装pycharm》

1.3 GUI开发环境

1.3.1 全局安装

全局安装，直接安装到python的安装路径，建议使用后面步骤的《虚拟环境安装》。

PyQt5安装

Pip install PyQt5 -I https://pypi.douban.com/simple

辅助工具安装

Pip install PyQt5-tools -I https://pypi.douban.com/simple

-i指明安装地址，默认安装地址为官方地址，速度慢可能安装失败。

1.3.2 虚拟环境安装

使用虚拟环境安装，可以避免干扰全局环境，pipevn方便整个项目依赖包的管理。在其他机器上可以根据Pipfile文件和Pipfile.lock快速安装整个项目。

创建虚拟环境(python3.x版本解释器)，cd到项目路径，pipenv --python 3

修改镜像：清华：https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple

Pipfile文件配置source地址。

激活环境：pipenv shell

安装三方库：pipenv install pyqt5

Pipenv install pyqt5-tools

创建虚拟环境生成Pipfile文件，安装第三方库生成Pipfile.lock文件，同时更新Pipfile文件，都可用文本工具查看。Pipfile.lock为虚拟环境中安装的第三方库信息。

1.3.2.1 创建虚拟环境

创建基于python3的虚拟环境

# rem 打开cmd窗口，cd 到 D:\pycharmworkspace\pyqt5
# rem 在当前目录创建基于python3的虚拟环境
D:\pycharmworkspace\pyqt5>pipenv --python 3
Creating a virtualenv for this project
Pipfile: D:\pycharmworkspace\pyqt5\Pipfile
Using D:/python39/python.exe3.9.0 to create virtualenv...
created virtual environment CPython3.9.0.final.0-64 in 10498ms
  creator CPython3Windows(dest=E:\Envs\pyqt5-OsyyNPam, clear=False,
no_vcs_ignore=False, global=False)
  seeder FromAppData(download=False, pip=bundle, setuptools=bundle,
wheel=bundle, via=copy,
app_data_dir=C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\pypa\virtualenv)
    added seed packages: pip==24.0, setuptools==69.2.0, wheel==0.43.0
  activators
BashActivator,BatchActivator,FishActivator,NushellActivator,PowerShellActivator,
PythonActivator

Successfully created virtual environment!

Virtualenv location: E:\Envs\pyqt5-OsyyNPam
Creating a Pipfile for this project...

D:\pycharmworkspace\pyqt5>

1windows安装PyQt5-创建虚拟环境

Pipenv指定python版本

# rem 创建一个使用Python 3的虚拟环境
pipenv --python 3
rem 创建指定Python版本路径的虚拟环境
pipenv --python D:\python39

Pipfile文件

创建成功后，在项目目录生成Pipfile文件，内容如下：

[[source]]
url = "https://pypi.org/simple"
verify_ssl = true
name = "pypi"

[packages]

[dev-packages]

[requires]
python_version = "3.9"
python_full_version = "3.9.0"

其中，url为第三方库的下载地址，需将其修改为国内镜像地址，比如，清华镜像地址：https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple。

1.3.2.2 激活虚拟环境

# rem 打开虚拟环境 pipenv shell
D:\pycharmworkspace\pyqt5>pipenv shell
Launching subshell in virtual environment...
Microsoft Windows [版本 10.0.18362.1256]
(c) 2019 Microsoft Corporation。保留所有权利。

(pyqt5-OsyyNPam) D:\pycharmworkspace\pyqt5>

2windows安装PyQt5-激活虚拟环境

1.3.2.3 安装pyqt5

# rem 安装pyqt5 pipenv install pyqt5
(pyqt5-OsyyNPam) D:\pycharmworkspace\pyqt5>pipenv install pyqt5
Pipfile.lock not found, creating...
Locking [packages] dependencies...
Locking [dev-packages] dependencies...
Updated Pipfile.lock (6059f3b91aa8559b72facce4232137db9456153ff1809bc90cbffab09d995f83)!
Installing pyqt5...
Installation Succeeded
Installing dependencies from Pipfile.lock (995f83)...
All dependencies are now up-to-date!
Upgrading pyqt5 in  dependencies.
Building requirements...
Resolving dependencies...
Success!

Building requirements...
Resolving dependencies...
Success!

Installing dependencies from Pipfile.lock (2c64f3)...
All dependencies are now up-to-date!
Installing dependencies from Pipfile.lock (2c64f3)...

3windows安装PyQt5-安装PyQt5

1.3.2.4 安装pyqt5-tools

# rem 安装pyqt5-tools 
# rem pipenv install pyqt5-tools
(pyqt5-OsyyNPam) D:\pycharmworkspace\pyqt5>pipenv install pyqt5-tools
Installing pyqt5-tools...
Installation Succeeded
Installing dependencies from Pipfile.lock (2c64f3)...
All dependencies are now up-to-date!
Upgrading pyqt5-tools in  dependencies.
Building requirements...
Resolving dependencies...
Success!

Building requirements...
Resolving dependencies...
Success!

Installing dependencies from Pipfile.lock (b307a6)...
All dependencies are now up-to-date!
Installing dependencies from Pipfile.lock (b307a6)...

(pyqt5-OsyyNPam) D:\pycharmworkspace\pyqt5>